149 lines
4.8 KiB
Bash
Executable File
149 lines
4.8 KiB
Bash
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env bash
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set -Eeuo pipefail
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shopt -s inherit_errexit nullglob
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# CONFIGURATION
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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readonly BACKUP_BASE=/media/extension/backup/ubuntu
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readonly MOUNT_POINT=/media/extension
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readonly NOW=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')
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readonly THIS_RUN="${BACKUP_BASE}/${NOW}"
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readonly LATEST="${BACKUP_BASE}/latest"
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# Retention policy
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readonly KEEP_DAILY=3 # keep this many daily snapshots
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readonly KEEP_WEEKLY=2 # keep this many weekly (Sunday) snapshots
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# Directories (or files) to back up (without DB volumes)
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declare -a SOURCE_ITEMS=(
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"/home/oster/server"
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# "/home/oster/photo-lib"
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)
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# Rsync exclusions — exclude DB-related dirs that are dumped separately + common junk
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declare -a EXCLUDES=(
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--exclude='.cache'
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--exclude='node_modules'
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--exclude='*.tmp'
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--exclude='**/postgresql'
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--exclude='**/mysql'
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--exclude='**/db'
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--exclude='**/database'
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)
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# Rsync options
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RSYNC_OPTS=(
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-aAXHv # preserve everything, human-friendly, verbose
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--delete # mirror deletions
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--partial # keep partials if interrupted
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--stats # summary
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"${EXCLUDES[@]}"
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)
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# Link-dest array — populated later; using an array avoids unquoted-variable issues
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LINK_DEST=()
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# LOGGING
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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log() { echo "[$(date +'%F %T')] $*"; }
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die() { log "FATAL: $*"; exit 1; }
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# FUNCTIONS
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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check_mount() {
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if ! mountpoint -q "$MOUNT_POINT"; then
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die "Backup mountpoint $MOUNT_POINT is NOT mounted."
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fi
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}
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# Rotation: keep KEEP_DAILY daily and KEEP_WEEKLY weekly snapshots
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rotate_old() {
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log "Applying retention policy (${KEEP_DAILY} daily, ${KEEP_WEEKLY} weekly)."
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# Pre-compute the dates to keep so we don't fork date(1) inside every inner loop iteration
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declare -A keep_dates=()
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for i in $(seq 0 $(( KEEP_DAILY - 1 ))); do
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keep_dates["$(date -d "-$i days" +%F)"]=1
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done
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last_sunday=$(date -d "last sunday" +%F)
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for i in $(seq 0 $(( KEEP_WEEKLY - 1 ))); do
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keep_dates["$(date -d "${last_sunday} -$(( i * 7 )) days" +%F)"]=1
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done
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# Collect snapshot dirs matching YYYY-MM-DD using a glob (nullglob makes empty glob safe)
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for dir in "$BACKUP_BASE"/[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]; do
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[ -d "$dir" ] || continue
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name=$(basename "$dir")
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if [[ -v keep_dates["$name"] ]]; then
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log " Keeping snapshot $name"
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else
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log " Deleting expired snapshot $name"
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rm -rf "${BACKUP_BASE:?}/$name"
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fi
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done
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}
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# MAIN
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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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log "=== Starting backup run: $NOW ==="
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check_mount
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# Fail early if the backup base directory doesn't exist (drive not mounted / path wrong)
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[ -d "$BACKUP_BASE" ] || die "Backup base directory $BACKUP_BASE does not exist."
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# Must be able to write into the backup base (e.g. run as root via sudo/cron)
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[ -w "$BACKUP_BASE" ] || die "No write permission on $BACKUP_BASE — run as root (sudo)."
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# Locking — base dir is confirmed to exist, so the lockfile write will succeed
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lockfile="${BACKUP_BASE}/.backup.lock"
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cleanup() { rm -f "$lockfile"; }
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trap cleanup EXIT
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if ! ( set -o noclobber; echo "$$" > "$lockfile" ) 2>/dev/null; then
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# Check if the PID in the lockfile is still alive; if not, it's a stale lock
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stale_pid=$(cat "$lockfile" 2>/dev/null || true)
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if [[ -n "$stale_pid" ]] && ! kill -0 "$stale_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
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log "Removing stale lockfile (PID $stale_pid is no longer running)."
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rm -f "$lockfile"
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echo "$$" > "$lockfile"
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else
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die "Another backup is already running (PID ${stale_pid:-unknown}, lockfile: $lockfile)."
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fi
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fi
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mkdir -p "$THIS_RUN"
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# Incremental snapshot?
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if [ -L "$LATEST" ] && [ -d "$LATEST" ]; then
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latest_real=$(readlink -f "$LATEST")
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LINK_DEST=("--link-dest=${latest_real}")
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log "Using link-dest for incremental snapshot → $latest_real"
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else
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LINK_DEST=()
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log "No previous backup; creating full snapshot."
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fi
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# Run backups
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for src in "${SOURCE_ITEMS[@]}"; do
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base=$(basename "$src")
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dst="${THIS_RUN}/${base}"
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mkdir -p "$dst"
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log "Backing up $src → $dst"
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nice -n 10 ionice -c2 -n7 \
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rsync "${RSYNC_OPTS[@]}" "${LINK_DEST[@]}" \
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"$src"/ "$dst"/
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done
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# Update latest symlink atomically
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ln -sfn "$(basename "$THIS_RUN")" "$BACKUP_BASE/.latest.tmp"
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mv -T "$BACKUP_BASE/.latest.tmp" "$LATEST"
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log "Snapshots done. Running rotation policy..."
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rotate_old
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log "=== Backup completed successfully ==="
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